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<div style="width:0;height:0;clear:both"></div><dl class="lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle-">
<dd class="lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle-title">
<span class="lemma-pinyin">
<span class="text">[yà zhōu]</span>
 
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<h1>亚洲</h1>
</dd>
</dl><div class="promotion-declaration">
</div><div class="lemma-summary" label-module="lemmaSummary">
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲（字源古希腊语：Ασία；拉丁语：Asia），曾译作“亚细亚洲”和“亚西亚洲”，是七大洲中面积最大，人口最多的一个洲。其覆盖地球总面积的8.7%（或言总陆地面积的29.4%）。人口总数约为40亿，占世界总人口的约60.5%（2010年）。</div><div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲绝大部分地区位于北半球和东半球。亚洲与非洲的分界线为苏伊士运河。苏伊士运河以东为亚洲。亚洲与欧洲的分界线为乌拉尔山脉、乌拉尔河、里海、大高加索山脉、土耳其海峡和黑海。乌拉尔山脉以东及大高加索山脉、里海和黑海以南为亚洲。</div><div class="para" label-module="para">大陆东至白令海峡的杰日尼奥夫角（169° 39′ 7″W，66° 4′ 45″N），南至丹绒比亚（103°31′E，1°16′N），西至巴巴角（26°3′E，39°27′N），北至切柳斯金角（104°18′E，77°43′N），最高峰为珠穆朗玛峰。跨越经纬度十分广，东西时差达11-13h。西部与欧洲相连，形成地球上最大的陆块欧亚大陆。</div><div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲是世界三大宗教佛教、伊斯兰教、基督教的发源地。</div>
</div>
<div class="configModuleBanner">
</div><div class="basic-info cmn-clearfix">
<dl class="basicInfo-block basicInfo-left">
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">中文名称</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
亚洲
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">外文名称</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
Asia，アジア，آسيا
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">别    名</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
亚细亚洲
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">行政区类别</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
洲
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">下辖地区</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
东亚、东南亚、南亚、西亚、北亚、中亚
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">地理位置</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
东半球，北半球
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">面    积</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
4457.9万平方公里
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">人    口</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
41.643亿
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">气候条件</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
气候复杂多样，大陆性气候分布广，季风气候显著
</dd>
</dl><dl class="basicInfo-block basicInfo-right">
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">人口密度</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
93.41人/km²
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">主要国家</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
中国，印度，日本，沙特阿拉伯等
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">国家和地区</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
48个
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">民    族</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
约1000个
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">标准时间</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
UTC+2~UTC+12
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">最大都市</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
日本东京
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">语    言</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
汉语、日语、英语、阿拉伯语 等
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">本    义</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
太阳升起的东方的地方
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">意    译</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
升阳洲
</dd>
</dl></div>
<div class="lemmaWgt-lemmaCatalog">
<div class="lemma-catalog">
<h2 class="block-title">目录</h2>
<div class="catalog-list column-4">
<ol>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">1</span>
<span class="text">历史</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">名称由来</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">远古时代</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">上古时代</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">中古时代</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">近代以后</span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">2</span>
<span class="text">区域</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">东亚</span>
</li>
</ol><ol><li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">东南亚</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">南亚</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">西亚</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">中亚</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">北亚</span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">3</span>
<span class="text">地理环境</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">地形</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">中心</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">环境</span>
</li>
</ol><ol><li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">气候</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">水系</span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">4</span>
<span class="text">自然资源</span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">5</span>
<span class="text">人口</span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">6</span>
<span class="text">政治</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">国家</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">区域合作</span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">7</span>
<span class="text">经济</span>
</li>
</ol><ol><li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">综述</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">农业</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">工业</span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">8</span>
<span class="text">文化</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">综述</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">宗教</span>
</li>
<li class="level2">
<span class="index">▪</span>
<span class="text">语言</span>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="1" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_1" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="历史" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-2" label-module="para-title">
<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>历史</h2>
</div>
<div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="1_1" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_1_1" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="名称由来" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="1-1" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-3" label-module="para-title">
<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>名称由来</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲是全世界人口最多的一个洲，同时也是人口密度最大的洲。它的名字也最古老。全称是亚细亚洲，意思是“太阳升起的地方”。其英文名为Asia。相传亚细亚的名称是由古代腓尼基人所起。频繁的海上活动，要求腓尼基人必须确定方位。所以，他们把爱琴海以东的地区泛称为“Asu”，意即“日出地”；而把爱琴海以西的地方则泛称为“Ereb”，意为“日没地”。Asia一词是由腓尼基语Asu演化来的，其所指的地域是不很明确的，范围是有限的。到公元前一世纪Asia已成为罗马帝国的一个行政省的名称，以后才逐渐扩大，包括现今整个亚洲地区，成为一个世界最大的洲名。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲的历史和文化都非常悠久。世界四大文明古国中的中国、印度和古巴比伦都位于亚洲大陆。亚洲的经济和文化水平曾经在世界上长期居于领先地位，中国的四大发明、印度人发现“0”、发明阿拉伯数字等等，许多科学上的发明创造，都为世界做出了巨大贡献。<sup>[1]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[1]_2918" onclick="return false;"> </a>
<a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a></div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="1_2" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_1_2" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="远古时代" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="1-2" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-3" label-module="para-title">
<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>远古时代</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">在远古时代，欧洲、北非的许多民族都发源于中亚的草原地带，在民族大迁徙时代，一部分向西进入欧洲，一部分向东迁入印度，形成范围广大的印欧语系各民族；另一部分向南迁徙到北非、西亚，进入埃及，和当地人融合成闪-含语系各民族。<sup>[1]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[1]_2918" onclick="return false;"> </a>
<a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a></div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="1_3" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_1_3" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="上古时代" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="1-3" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-3" label-module="para-title">
<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>上古时代</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">在上古时代，东方的中国和西方的波斯帝国都发展成为强大的帝国，波斯一直在和欧洲的希腊争雄，最终都被亚历山大大帝的马其顿帝国击败，亚历山大的军队一直入侵到印度次大陆，最终留下部分军队建立了亚美尼亚国家。中国也在走向统一扩张的道路，周围民族开始了解秦帝国。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">当西方罗马帝国崛起时，东方的中国汉朝也是一个强大的国家，罗马帝国的领土扩张到中东古巴比伦河谷地，东方和西方开始有经济和文化的交流，丝绸之路由中国长安经过西域和中东，远达罗马。在汉朝北方的匈奴人被汉朝击败后，渐向西方迁徙，这些在西罗马帝国眼中被视为“野蛮人”的部族，在迁入欧洲后，加速西罗马帝国灭亡。<sup>[1]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[1]_2918" onclick="return false;"> </a>
<a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a></div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="1_4" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_1_4" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="中古时代" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="1-4" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-3" label-module="para-title">
<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>中古时代</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">中古时代，在亚洲西南部兴起强大的阿拉伯帝国，席卷南欧、西亚中亚和北非。东方强大的唐朝中国疆域也扩张到了中亚，朝鲜、日本都在逐渐成为统一的民族。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">蒙古民族的兴起在世界造成不小的影响，征服了欧亚广大的地域，但是为了巩固自己的政权,屠杀了许多异族人民（包括汉族）许多优秀文明毁于一旦。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">自1453年拜占庭帝国被回教民族灭亡后，回教国家奥斯曼帝国雄据了中东、小亚细亚及北非地区四百多年，某程度上，鄂图曼帝国阻隔了东西方文化和经济上的交流。东亚地区自从满清统治中国开始，固步自封，令到文化和科学发展落后，国家禁止国民与外国人交流情况常见。例如日本实施锁国政策，清朝初期的海禁。<sup>[1]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[1]_2918" onclick="return false;"> </a>
<a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a></div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="1_5" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_1_5" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="近代以后" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="1-5" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-3" label-module="para-title">
<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>近代以后</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">18世纪以后，随着欧洲资本主义和殖民主义的兴起，殖民主义者透过航海路线，发掘亚洲大陆的资源，而亚洲地区的积弱，成为列强争夺的领域，许多国家沦为殖民地或半殖民地。在亚洲北方西伯利亚的荒芜地区，随着蒙古帝国的势力瓦解，欧洲俄罗斯民族建立的沙皇俄国逐渐循陆路开发。雄据亚洲北方大片土地。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">19世纪末期，日本随着明治维新的改革成功，使其国势日盛，成为当时唯一以“列强”身份在国际社会舞台具有地位的亚洲国家。自多次对周边国家如清朝、沙俄发动的战争胜利，以及在第一次世界大战过后，日本以战胜国身份托管战败国德国在亚洲的殖民地，令日本的势力范围遍达西太平洋。亦令其进一步征服中国和全亚洲的野心渐大，日本在20世纪三四十年代军国主义的熏染下，发动侵华战争和太平洋战争，第二次世界大战亦自1941年12月8日日军偷袭珍珠港开始，在亚洲地区揭开战幔。日本终在1945年被美国于广岛和长崎投下两枚原子弹后投降。第二次世界大战过后，亚洲民族主义抬头，各个民族国家才开始纷纷争取独立。与此同时，西方的共产主义和资本主义的对峙蔓延至亚洲大陆，1949年中国共产党在国共内战中击败中国国民党，拿到了中华民国在大陆地区的政权，成立中华人民共和国；而中华民国政府迁往台北。中国共产党及其建立的中华人民共和国与苏联在亚洲推动共产主义。东亚地区先后建立多个社会主义政权，如朝鲜民主主义人民共和国、越南、老挝等。在50年代至70年代，韩战和越战是社会主义和资本主义阵营在亚洲地区爆发的主要战争。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">西亚和中东地区亦各民族亦自第二次世界大战过后纷纷争取独立。最著名的是以“圣雄”甘地带领的印度独立革命运动，最终印巴分治，以印度教徒为主的印度和以回教徒为主的巴基斯坦均在1948年独立。而中东的以色列和巴勒斯坦建国问题，带来牵涉到宗教和民族上的严重冲突。以色列虽然在1947年获许在犹太人地区建国，但由于包括“圣城”耶路撒冷被划入以色列，令周边回教国家不满，犹太人和回教徒不和，导致以色列与周边的回教国家冲突日增，在以色列和叙利亚、约旦和埃及等对抗的三次以阿战争中，以色列占领大片巴勒坦地区，并在该区设立殖民地。另外，一向被视为“世界火药库”的中东地区，地区战争不断，包括在80年代伊拉克和伊朗对火的两伊战争，和1991年和2003年美国和伊拉克之间的战争，和针对美国声称的头号恐怖分子领袖拉登而在2002年发动推翻塔利班政治集团的“攻击阿富汗战争”。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">苏联在1991年8月尾发生政变，虽然苏共在一星期内解决，但还是令苏联于1991年尾瓦解，在中亚地区多个原苏联加盟共和国成为新兴独立国家如哈萨克、土库曼等。<sup>[1]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[1]_2918" onclick="return false;"> </a>
<a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_1" onclick="return false;"></a></div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="2" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_2" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="区域" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-2" label-module="para-title">
<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>区域</h2>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲地域辽阔，为了便于认识，按照地理方位，把亚洲分为东亚、东南亚、南亚、西亚、中亚和北亚6个地区。这些地区的自然环境和人类活动各具特色。</div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="2_1" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_2_1" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="东亚" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="2-1" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-3" label-module="para-title">
<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>东亚</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>主词条：东亚</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><a class="lemma-album layout-right nslog:10000206" href="/pic/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2/133681/3066532/adaf2edda3cc7cd9402ba5de3101213fb80e91b7?fr=lemma&amp;ct=cover" nslog-type="10000206" onclick="return false;" style="width:222px;" target="_blank" title="东亚五国">
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<img alt="东亚五国" class="picture" src="./pic/adaf2edda3cc7cd9402ba5de3101213fb80e91b7.jpg" style="width:220px;height:146px;"/>
</div>
<div class="description">
东亚五国
</div>
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<div class="albumBgFir" style="width:214px;"></div>
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</a>
指亚洲的东部。包括中国、朝鲜、韩国、蒙古和日本。面积约1170万平方千米。人口17亿多。地势西高东低，分四个阶梯。中国西南部称为“世界屋脊”的青藏高原，平均海拔在4000米以上。东南半部为季风区，属温带阔叶林气候和亚热带森林气候；西北部属大陆性温带草原、沙漠气候；西南部属山地高原气候。5-10月东部沿海受台风影响。矿物资源以煤、铁、石油、铜、锑、钨、钼、金、菱镁矿、石墨等最丰富。东亚是稻、薯蓣、糜子、荞麦、大豆、苎麻、茶、油桐、漆树、柑橘、桂圆、荔枝、人参等栽培植物的原产地。所产稻谷占世界稻谷总产量40%以上，茶叶占世界总产量25%以上，大豆占20%。棉花、花生、玉米、甘蔗、芝麻、油菜籽、蚕丝等的产量在世界上占重要地位。</div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="2_2" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_2_2" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="东南亚" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="2-2" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-3" label-module="para-title">
<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>东南亚</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>主词条：东南亚</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:220px; display: inline; float: right;">
<img alt="亚洲地理分区" class="lazy-img" data-src="./pic/37d12f2eb9389b5087366fe68735e5dde6116ebd.jpg" src="./pic/37d12f2eb9389b5087366fe68735e5dde6116ebd.jpg" style="width:220px;height:163px;"/>
<span class="description">
亚洲地理分区
</span>
</div>指亚洲东南部地区。包括越南、老挝、柬埔寨、缅甸、泰国、马来西亚、新加坡、印度尼西亚、菲律宾、文莱、东帝汶等国家和地区。面积约448万平方千米。人口45000多万。地理上包括中南半岛和马来群岛两大部分。是世界上火山最多的地区之一。群岛区和半岛的南部属热带雨林气候，半岛北部山地属亚热带森林气候。矿物以锡、石油、天然气、煤、镍、铝土矿、钨、铬、金等为重要。东南亚是柠檬、黄麻、丁香、豆蔻、胡椒、香蕉、槟榔、木菠萝、马尼拉麻等热带栽培植物的原产地，盛产稻米、橡胶、香料、柚木、木棉、金鸡纳霜及热带水果。其中的印度尼西亚是世界上火山最多的国家。有“火山国”之称。</div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="2_3" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_2_3" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="南亚" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="2-3" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-3" label-module="para-title">
<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>南亚</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>主词条：南亚</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:220px; float: right;">
<img alt="亚洲" class="lazy-img" data-src="./pic/55e736d12f2eb93845c7ea82d5628535e5dd6f1c.jpg" src="./pic/55e736d12f2eb93845c7ea82d5628535e5dd6f1c.jpg" style="width:220px;height:166px;"/>
<span class="description">
亚洲
</span>
</div>指亚洲南部地区。包括斯里兰卡、马尔代夫、巴基斯坦、印度、孟加拉国、尼泊尔、不丹。面积约437万平方千米。人口10亿以上。本区北部为喜马拉雅山脉南麓的山地区，南部印度半岛为德干高原，北部山地与德干高原之间为印度河－恒河平原。北部和中部平原基本上属亚热带森林气候，德干高原及斯里兰卡北部属热带草原气候，印度半岛的西南端、斯里兰卡南部和马尔代夫属热带雨林气候，印度河平原属亚热带草原、沙漠气候。矿物资源以铁、锰、煤最丰富。南亚是芒果、蓖麻、茄子、香蕉、甘蔗，以及莲藕等栽培植物的原产地。所产黄麻、茶叶约占世界总产量1/2左右。稻米、花生、芝麻、油菜籽、甘蔗、棉花、橡胶、小麦和椰干等的产量在世界上也占重要地位。</div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="2_4" onclick="return false;"></a>
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<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>西亚</h3>
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<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>主词条：西亚</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">西亚也叫西南亚，指亚洲西部。包括伊朗、土耳其、塞浦路斯、叙利亚、黎巴嫩、巴勒斯坦、以色列、约旦、伊拉克、科威特、沙特阿拉伯、也门、阿曼、阿拉伯联合酋长国、卡塔尔、巴林、格鲁吉亚、亚美尼亚和阿塞拜疆。面积约700多万平方千米。人口2亿多。高原广布，北部多山脉。北部山地高原与南部阿拉伯半岛之间为幼发拉底河和底格里斯河所冲积而成的美索不达米亚平原。气候干燥。南部沙漠面积广大。本区地中海、黑海沿岸地区和西部山地属地中海式气候，东部和内陆高原属亚热带草原、沙漠气候，阿拉伯半岛的大部分地区属热带沙漠气候。石油的储量和产量在世界上占重要的地位。西亚是胡萝卜、甜瓜、洋葱、菠菜、苜蓿、椰枣等栽培植物和阿拉伯骆驼、阿拉伯马、安哥拉山羊、安哥拉兔等著名畜种的原产地。</div><div class="anchor-list">
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<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>中亚</h3>
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<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>主词条：中亚</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">指中亚细亚地区。包括土库曼斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、哈萨克斯坦和阿富汗斯坦。本区东南部为山地，地震频繁，属山地气候；其余地区为平原和丘陵，沙漠广布，气候干旱，属温带和亚热带沙漠、草原气候。矿物以天然气、石油、煤、铜、铅、锌、汞、硫黄和芒硝较重要。中亚的矿产资源极为丰富，军事工业发达。中亚是豌豆、蚕豆、苹果等栽培植物以及卡拉库尔绵羊的原产地。出产棉花、烟草、稻米、蚕丝、羊毛和葡萄、苹果等。</div><div class="anchor-list">
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<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>北亚</h3>
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<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>主词条：</b><b>北亚</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">指俄罗斯亚洲部分的西伯利亚地区。西部为西西伯利亚平原，中部为中西伯利亚高原和山地，东部为远东山地。极圈以北属寒带苔原气候，其余地区属温带针叶林气候。河流结冰期六个月以上。矿物以石油、煤、铜、金、金刚石较重要。出产麦类、马铃薯、亚麻和木材等。</div><div class="anchor-list">
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<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>地理环境</h2>
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<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>地形</h3>
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<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲地势起伏很大，中部高，四围低。东部有一列纵长的花彩状岛弧。平均海拔约950米，是除南极洲外世界上地势最高的一洲。山地、高原和丘陵约占总面积的3/4，其中有1/3的地区海拔在1000米以上。世界上海拔8000米以上的高峰，全分布在喀喇昆仑山脉和喜马拉雅山脉地带。平原占总面积的1/4，计1000多万平方千米。全洲大至以帕米尔高原为中心，一系列高大山脉向四方辐射伸延到大陆边缘。主<div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:220px; display: inline; float: right;">
<img alt="亚洲的地形" class="lazy-img" data-src="./pic/c995d143ad4bd1134397398658afa40f4bfb052f.jpg" src="./pic/c995d143ad4bd1134397398658afa40f4bfb052f.jpg" style="width:220px;height:185px;"/>
<span class="description">
亚洲的地形
</span>
</div>要有天山山脉、昆仑山脉、喜马拉雅山脉、阿尔泰山脉、兴都库什山脉、厄尔布尔士山脉、托罗斯山脉和扎格罗斯山脉等。在以上主干山脉之间有青藏高原、蒙古高原、伊朗高原、安纳托利亚高原、德干高原、阿拉伯高原、中西伯利亚高原和塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地、柴达木盆地等。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">在山地、高原的外侧分布着面积广大的平原，主要有东北平原、华北平原、长江中下游平原、印度河平原、恒河平原、美索不达米亚平原、西西伯利亚平原等。亚洲既有世界上最高的高原（青藏高原）、山脉和山峰（珠穆朗玛峰，海拔8844.43米），又有世界上著名的平原（西西伯利亚平原）和洼地（死海）。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲不仅陆上起伏极端，且大陆东缘的弧形列岛与太平洋的海底部分也同样表现出起伏极端，列岛上的山脉与极深的海沟伴生。亚洲最高峰与邻近海域最深海沟高低相差约20千米。<sup>[2]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[2]_2918" onclick="return false;"> </a>
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<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>中心</h3>
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<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲最中心的点，亚洲大陆地理中心，位于乌鲁木齐市南郊乌鲁木齐县永丰乡的包家槽子村境内。地理坐标为北纬43°40‘37"，东经87°19‘52"。<div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:210px; float: right;">
<img alt="美丽的济州岛" class="lazy-img" data-src="./pic/54fbb2fb43166d22dc3c85e4462309f79052d273.jpg" src="./pic/54fbb2fb43166d22dc3c85e4462309f79052d273.jpg" style="width:210px;height:157px;"/>
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美丽的济州岛
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<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲大陆地理中心是指亚洲大陆范围内处于均衡位置的点，它距大陆周边海岸线最远，大陆性最强。经中国科学院新疆地理研究所两年多的测算和实地考察，勘定为北纬43°40′37〃、东经87°19′52〃，实地在天山山脉北麓冲洪积扇上的永丰乡包家槽子村境内，东北至乌鲁木齐市中心约30公里，有公路可达。一座高18米，代表性极强的具有典型亚洲区域特色的“亚心”标志塔巍巍耸立在“亚心”点上。<sup>[3]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[3]_2918" onclick="return false;"> </a>
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<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>环境</h3>
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<div class="para" label-module="para"><div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:220px; float: right;">
<img alt="巴厘海滩" class="lazy-img" data-src="./pic/f11f3a292df5e0fe6a5c19715c6034a85edf727e.jpg" src="./pic/f11f3a292df5e0fe6a5c19715c6034a85edf727e.jpg" style="width:220px;height:165px;"/>
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巴厘海滩
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</div>亚洲的大陆海岸线绵长而曲折，海岸线长69900千米。是世界上海岸线最长的大洲。海岸类型复杂。多半岛和岛屿，是半岛面积最大的一洲。阿拉伯半岛为世界上最大的半岛（面积约300万平方公里）。亚洲地形总的特点是地表起伏很大，崇山峻岭汇集中部，山地、高原和丘陵约占全洲面积的3/4。全洲平均海拔950米，是世界上除南极洲外地势最高的一洲。全洲大致以帕米尔高原为中心，向四方伸出一系列高大的山脉，最高大的是喜马拉雅山脉。在各高大山脉之间有许多面积广大的高原和盆地。在山地、高原的外侧还分布着广阔的平原。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲有许多著名的高峰，其中有世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰，海拔8844.43米，将以逐步的趋势逐渐升高，预计一百年后，珠穆朗玛峰的高度会再创一个新的历史新迹。亚洲有世界陆地上最低的洼地和湖泊－－死海（湖面低于地中海海面392米），还有被称为“世界屋脊”的青藏高原。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲是世界上火山最多的洲。东部边缘海外围的岛群是世界上火山最多的地区。东部沿海岛屿、中亚和西亚北部地震频繁。亚洲的许多大河发源于中部山地，分别注入太平洋、印度洋和北冰洋。内流区主要分布在亚洲中部和西部。亚洲最长的河流是长江，长6397千米；其次是黄河，长5464千米；湄公河长4500千米。最长的内流河是伏尔加河（世界最长）（3,690公里），其次是阿姆河和塔里木河（2179千米）。贝加尔湖是亚洲最大的淡水湖和世界最深的湖泊。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲的岛屿主要集中在东南海面。约有几万个大小岛屿，总面积为320万平方公里，其中面积超过10万平方公里的大岛有6个（加里曼丹岛、苏门答腊岛、几内亚岛、苏拉威西岛、爪哇岛和本州岛）。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲是世界上大江大河汇集最多的大陆，长度在1000公里以上的河流有58条之多，其中4000公里以上的有5条（长江、黄河、湄公河、额尔齐斯河（鄂毕河）和黑龙江）。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">河流发源于中部高原山地，呈放射状流向周边海洋。<sup>[2]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[2]_2918" onclick="return false;"> </a>
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<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>气候</h3>
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<div class="para" label-module="para"><div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:220px; float: right;">
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亚洲
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</div>亚洲大陆跨寒、温、热三带。气候的主要特征是气候类型复杂多样、季风气候典型和大陆性显著。东亚东南半部是湿润的温带和亚热带季风区，东南亚和南亚是湿润的热带季风区。中亚、西亚和东亚内陆为干旱地区。以上湿润季风区与内陆干旱区之间，以及北亚的大部分为半湿润半干旱地区。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲大部分地区冬季气温很低，最冷月平均气温在0℃以下的地区约占全洲面积的2/3，上扬斯克和奥伊米亚康一带，1月平均气温低达-50℃以下，奥伊米亚康极端最低气温曾低达-71℃，是北半球气温最低的地方，被称为北半球的寒极区。夏季普遍增温，最热月平均气温除北冰洋沿岸在10℃以下外，其余地区均在10-15℃之间。20℃以上的地区约占全洲面积的50%。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">伊拉克巴士拉极端最高气温曾达58.8℃，为世界最热的地方。降水分布的地区差异悬殊，主趋势是从湿润的东南部向干燥的西北部递减。赤道带附近全年多雨，年降水2000毫米以上。印度东北部的乞拉朋齐年平均降水量高达11430毫米，为世界最多雨的地区之一。西南亚和中亚为终年少雨区，广大地区年降水多在150～200毫米以下。9、10月间，西伯利亚和蒙古高原上空经常有强烈的冷空气（寒潮）南下，东亚的大部分地区易遭侵袭。发生于中太平洋西部的台风，5～10月袭击东亚和东南亚东部沿海地区；发生于孟加拉湾的飓风，5～10月袭击孟加拉湾沿岸地区。常造成严重灾害。<sup>[2]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[2]_2918" onclick="return false;"> </a>
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<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>水系</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲有许多大河，大都源于中部高山地带，呈放射状向四面奔流。流入太平洋的河流有黑龙江、黄河、长江、珠江、湄公河等；流入印度洋的有印度河、恒河、萨尔温江、伊洛瓦底江、底格里斯河、幼发拉底河等；流入北冰洋的有鄂毕河、叶尼塞河、勒拿河等。内流河主要分布于亚洲中西部干旱地区，有锡尔河、阿姆河、伊犁河、塔里木河、约旦河等。亚洲落差最大的瀑布是印度西南沿海施腊巴提河上的焦格瀑布，落差253米。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲湖泊较之其他洲不算太多，但不少湖泊具有特色，闻名世界。如亚欧界湖里海是世界第一大湖、最大的咸水湖；贝加尔湖是世界上最深的湖、亚洲最大的淡水湖；死海是世界上最低的洼地；巴尔喀什湖是一个同时存在着淡水和咸水的内陆湖。亚洲湖泊分布较广，大致可分北亚、中亚、西亚以及青藏高原和长江中、下游五大湖群。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲的河川大都发源自中部山地而注入太平洋、印度洋和北冰洋。其中长4000公里以上的河川有7条，最长的河流是长江，其次是以额尔齐斯河为源的鄂毕河。里海是世界上最大的湖泊，贝加尔湖是亚洲最大的淡水湖，也是世界最深、最古的湖泊，湖底最深处位于海平面以下1295米。阿姆河全长2540公里，是亚洲最长的内流河。底格里斯河和幼发拉底河、黄河、印度河流域都是人类最早的文明发源地。恒河是印度教和佛教的圣河。湄公河是一条重要的国际性河流，湄公河流域国家包括中国、缅甸、老挝、泰国、柬埔寨和越南。<sup>[2]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[2]_2918" onclick="return false;"> </a>
<a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a></div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="4" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_4" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="自然资源" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-2" label-module="para-title">
<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>自然资源</h2>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>矿物资源：</b>亚洲矿物种类多、储量大，主要有石油、煤、铁、锡、钨、锑、铜、铅、锌、锰、镍、钼、镁、铬、金、银、岩盐、硫磺、宝石等。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">其中石油、镁、铁、锡等的储量均居各洲首位。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>森林和草原：</b>森林总面积约占世界森林总面积的13%。用材林2/3以上已开发利用。人工造林有一定的发展。俄罗斯的亚洲部分、中国的东北、朝鲜的北部，是世界上分布广阔的针叶林地区，蓄积量丰富，珍贵用材树种很多。中国的华南、西南，日本山地的南坡，喜马拉雅山南坡植物特别丰富，除普通阔叶树种外，还有棕榈、蒲葵、杉属、水杉属等。东南亚的热带森林在世界森林中占重要地位，以恒定、丰富的植物群落著称。其主要树种是龙脑香科，还有树状蕨纲、银杏、苏铁等“活化石”。亚洲草原总面积约占世界草原总面积的15%。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>水力：</b>亚洲各国可开发的水力资源估计年可发电量达2.6万亿度，占世界可开发水力资源量的27%。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>海洋渔业：</b>亚洲沿海渔场面积约占世界沿海渔场总面积的40%。盛产鲑、鳟、鳕、鲣、鲭、小黄鱼、大黄鱼、带鱼、乌贼、沙丁鱼、金枪鱼、马鲛鱼以及鲸等，著名渔场有舟山群岛、台湾岛、西沙群岛、北海道岛、九州岛等岛屿的附近海域，以及鄂霍次克海等。中国沿海渔场面积占世界沿海渔场总面积近1/4。<sup>[2]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[2]_2918" onclick="return false;"> </a>
<a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a></div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="5" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_5" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="人口" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-2" label-module="para-title">
<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>人口</h2>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">截止2007年上半年，亚洲人口35.13亿，世界人口65.67亿，人口自然增长率位于世界第三，仅次于非洲和拉丁美洲。人口1亿以上的有中国、印度、印度尼西亚、日本、孟加拉国和巴基斯坦。城市人口约占全洲人口的18%。人口分布以中国东部、日本太平洋沿岸、爪哇岛、恒河流域、印度半岛南部等地最密集，每平方千米达300人以上。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲人口最多的国家是中国，第二是印度。新加坡平均每平方千米可达4400多人，是亚洲人口密度最大的国家。人口密度最小的国家是蒙古，平均每平方千米仅1人多；沙特阿拉伯、阿曼等国家平均每平方千米5-7人。亚洲的种族、民族构成非常复杂，尤以南亚为甚。黄种人（又称蒙古利亚人种）为主要人种。其余为白种人、棕色人及人种的混合类型。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">全洲大小民族、种族共有约一千个，约占世界民族、种族总数的80%。其中有十几亿人口的汉族，也有人数仅几百的民族或部族。<sup>[2]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[2]_2918" onclick="return false;"> </a>
<a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a></div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="6" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_6" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="政治" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-2" label-module="para-title">
<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>政治</h2>
</div>
<div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="6_1" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_6_1" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="国家" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="6-1" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-3" label-module="para-title">
<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>国家</h3>
</div>
<table class="table-view log-set-param" data-sort="sortDisabled" log-set-param="table_view" width="658"><tr><th align="left" height="0" valign="top" width="86">国家名称</th><th align="left" height="0" valign="top" width="80">首都</th><th align="left" height="0" valign="top" width="116">人口（万）</th><th align="left" height="0" valign="top" width="267">面积（㎞²）</th><th align="left" height="0" valign="top">备注</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">中华人民共和国</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">北京</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">136,204</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">9,600,000</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"><div class="para" label-module="para">世界上最大的发展中国家，也是人口最多的国家。</div>
</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">巴林</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">麦纳麦</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">121</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">750</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">韩国</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">首尔</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">5,051.50</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">99,646</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267">中等发达国家</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">黎巴嫩</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">贝鲁特</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">400</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">10,452</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">东帝汶</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">帝力</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">106</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">14,874</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">尼泊尔</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">加德满都</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">2,933</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">147,181</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">泰国</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">曼谷</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">6,387</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">513,115</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">巴基斯坦</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">伊斯兰堡</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">14,766</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">796,000</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">阿拉伯联合酋长国</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">阿布扎比</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">423</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">83,600</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">不丹</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">廷布</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">69</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">38,816</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">阿曼</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">马斯喀特</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">280</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">309,500</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">阿塞拜疆</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">巴库</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">834.7</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">86,600</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">朝鲜</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">平壤</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">2,400</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">120,540</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">菲律宾</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">马尼拉</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">9,401</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">299,764</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">柬埔寨</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">金边</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">1,480</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">181,035</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">卡塔尔</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">多哈</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">141</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">11,521</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">吉尔吉斯斯坦</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">比什凯克</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">547.4</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">198,500</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">马尔代夫</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">马累</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">39</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">300</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">马来西亚</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">吉隆坡</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">2,756</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">330,000</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">蒙古</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">乌兰巴托</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">268.34</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">1,566,500</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">沙特阿拉伯</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">利雅得</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">2,611</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">2,250,000</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267">石油产量第一大国</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">文莱</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">斯里巴加湾市</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">39</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">5,765</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">老挝</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">万象</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">600</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">236,800</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">日本</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">东京</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">12,805</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">377,835</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267">老牌发达国家</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">土库曼斯坦</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">阿什哈巴德</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">700</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">491,200</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">哈萨克斯坦</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">阿斯塔纳</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">1,703</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">2,724,900</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">巴勒斯坦</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86">耶路撒冷</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">639</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">2,500</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">塔吉克斯坦</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">杜尚别</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">721.57</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">143,100</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">格鲁吉亚</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">第比利斯</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">439.47</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">69,700</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">科威特</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">科威特城</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">270</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">17,818</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">叙利亚</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">大马士革</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">2369.5</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">185,180</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">印度</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">新德里</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">121,020</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">2,980,000</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267">人口第二大国家</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">印度尼西亚</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">雅加达</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">24,500</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">1,919,440</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">亚美尼亚</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">埃里温</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">325.05</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">29,800</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">阿富汗斯坦</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">喀布尔</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">2993</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">652,300</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">乌兹别克斯坦</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">塔什干</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">2800.08</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">447,400</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">斯里兰卡</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">科伦坡</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">2020</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">65,610</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">伊拉克</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">巴格达</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">3432</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">441,839</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">越南</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">河内</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">8693</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">329,556</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">伊朗</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">德黑兰</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">7004.9</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">1,636,000</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">也门</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">萨那</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">2300</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">555,000</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">约旦</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">安曼</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">610</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">89,340</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">缅甸</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">内比都</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">5700</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">676,581</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">孟加拉国</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">达卡</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">14737</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">147,570</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">新加坡</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">新加坡城</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">518</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">714</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267">中等发达国家</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">以色列</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">耶路撒冷</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">764</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">14,900</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"><div class="para" label-module="para">发达国家（有争议）</div>
</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center" width="108">塞浦路斯</td><td align="left" valign="center" width="86">尼科西亚</td><td align="right" valign="top" width="80">113</td><td align="right" valign="top" width="116">9,251</td><td align="left" valign="center" width="267"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="108"><div class="para" label-module="para">土耳其</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="86"><div class="para" label-module="para">伊斯坦布尔</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="80"><div class="para" label-module="para">7,372</div>
</td><td align="right" valign="center" width="116"><div class="para" label-module="para">783,562</div>
</td><td align="left" valign="top" width="267"><div class="para" label-module="para">同时部分国土属于欧洲</div>
</td></tr><tr><td colspan="5">亚洲共有48个国家和地区。</td></tr></table><div class="para" label-module="para">注：根据联合国关于巴勒斯坦分治决议规定，在巴勒斯坦地区建立的阿拉伯国面积为1.15万多平方千米，后被以色列占领，1988年11月，巴勒斯坦国宣告成立，但未确定疆界。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">根据1947年联合国关与巴勒斯坦分治决议的规定，以色列的面积为1.49万平方千米。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">缅甸于2005年底由仰光迁都至内比都。</div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="6_2" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_6_2" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="区域合作" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="6-2" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-3" label-module="para-title">
<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>区域合作</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲国家的政体非常复杂，几乎包括了世界上所有形式的政府结构，也是世界热点地区。区域合作在亚洲正在方兴未艾，区域合作最有希望的地方是东南亚，东南亚国家联盟有10成员国：文莱、柬埔寨、印度尼西亚、老挝、马来西亚、缅甸、菲律宾、新加坡、泰国和越南。总面积约450万平方公里，人口约5.12亿。还有一个观察员国：巴布亚新几内亚。东盟国家开动了和中华人民共和国、日本、韩国三个东亚国家的对话机制，并确定于2010年和中华人民共和国建立中国-东盟自由贸易区，中华人民共和国已经和泰国先期启动水果蔬菜零关税机制。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">南亚国家也在加紧准备成立区域合作的组织，巴基斯坦和印度的关系出现缓和迹象。<div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:220px; float: right;">
<img alt="亚洲经济区" class="lazy-img" data-src="./pic/0eb30f2442a7d933a702a84dac4bd11373f00161.jpg" src="./pic/0eb30f2442a7d933a702a84dac4bd11373f00161.jpg" style="width:220px;height:190px;"/>
<span class="description">
亚洲经济区
</span>
</div></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">海湾国家也有一个设立区域合作的组织，而这个组织是海湾国家货币联盟，海湾国家货币联盟有6成员国：科威特、沙特阿拉伯、阿拉伯联合酋长国、巴林、卡塔尔和阿曼。海湾国家货币联盟解定于2010年发行统一货币。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">1996年成立的亚欧会议每两年举行一次首脑会议和外长会议，加强了亚洲国家和欧盟国家之间的对话机制，已经发展到39个成员国，占世界总人口的49%，成员国的国内生产总值超过全世界的一半以上。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">上海合作组织在2001年6月成立，前身是1996年4月26日开始运作的上海五国会晤机制。发展至今，现时有成员国：中华人民共和国﹑俄罗斯﹑哈萨克﹑吉尔吉斯﹑塔吉克和乌兹别克（后期加入）。上海合作组织的主要宗旨是加强中亚地区和中﹑俄之间的联系，发展成员国在政治﹑经贸﹑文化﹑教育﹑科技﹑能源﹑交通﹑环保等范畴的合作，促进区内和平。<sup>[4]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[4]_2918" onclick="return false;"> </a>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">东亚共同体为模仿二战后欧洲成立的欧共体（现为欧盟）所成立的东亚区联盟。</div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="7" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_7" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="经济" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-2" label-module="para-title">
<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>经济</h2>
</div>
<div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="7_1" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_7_1" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="综述" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="7-1" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-3" label-module="para-title">
<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>综述</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲各国中，除日本，新加坡，韩国为发达国家外，其余均是发展中国家，各国经济都有一定的发展。许多国家发挥其自然条件和资源的优势，经营多种热带和亚热带作物；积极勘探、开采矿产资源；大力发展制造业，使经济体制由以农业、矿业为主的“单一”向“多元化”方向发展，亚洲的工业、农业和交通运输业在世界经济中已占重要地位.畜牧业、渔业也很发达。<sup>[2]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[2]_2918" onclick="return false;"> </a>
<a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a></div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="7_2" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_7_2" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="农业" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="7-2" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-3" label-module="para-title">
<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>农业</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">稻米、天然橡胶、金鸡纳霜、马尼拉麻（蕉麻）、柚木和胡椒等产量均占世界总产量的90%以上。中国稻米产量占世界第一位，印度占第二位；马来西亚的天然橡胶产量占世界第一位，印度尼西亚占第二位。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">金鸡纳霜主要产在印度尼西亚；马尼拉麻主要产在菲律宾；柚木和胡椒主要产在东南亚各国。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">黄麻、椰干、茶叶的产量均占世界总产量的80%左右。黄麻主要产在中国、印度和孟加拉国；椰干主要产在菲律宾、印度尼西亚、印度、马来西亚和斯里兰卡等国。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">茶叶主要产在印度、中国和斯里兰卡。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">其他还有棉花、花生、芝麻、烟草、油菜子等的产量在世界上也占有一定的地位。<sup>[2]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[2]_2918" onclick="return false;"> </a>
<a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a></div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="7_3" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_7_3" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="工业" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="7-3" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-3" label-module="para-title">
<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>工业</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">石油年产量约7-10亿吨。占世界年产量的27%-30%：天然气年总产量约1000亿立方米，约占世界年总产量的6%以上；煤年产量约10多亿吨，占世界年总产量的22%以上：年发电量约一万亿度，约占世界年发电量的13%；钢产量年约1.7亿吨，约占世界总产量的24%；锡精矿产量占世界总产量的60%左右，其中马来西亚的锡精矿产量占世界各国中第一位。钨精矿产量约占世界产量的45%。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲各国各地区工业发展水平和部门、地域结构差异显著。绝大多数国家工业基础薄弱，采矿和农产品加工及轻纺工业占主要地位。中国工业发展迅速，工业体系完整。日本是高度发达的世界经济大国。蒙古工业以畜产品加工为主。新加坡、泰国、马来西亚是新兴工业化国家。印度尼西亚和文莱以生产原油为主。印度工业较发达。除阿富汗、黎巴嫩和土耳其外。西亚多数国家工业均以生产原油和炼油为主，西亚能源在世界能源中占重要地位。<sup>[2]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[2]_2918" onclick="return false;"> </a>
<a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a><a name="ref_2" onclick="return false;"></a></div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="8" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_8" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="文化" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-2" label-module="para-title">
<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>文化</h2>
</div>
<div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="8_1" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_8_1" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="综述" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="8-1" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-3" label-module="para-title">
<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>综述</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">由于亚洲地区地域广大，民族众多，文化的多样性很强，差异<a class="lemma-album layout-right nslog:10000206" href="/pic/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2/133681/2135459/c2fdfc039245d688e6f01b3aa4c27d1ed31b24b9?fr=lemma&amp;ct=cover" nslog-type="10000206" onclick="return false;" style="width:222px;" target="_blank" title="亚洲各国（地区）国花（区花）">
<div class="album-wrap" style="width:220px;height:168px;">
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<div class="description">
亚洲各国（地区）国花（区花）
</div>
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很大，几乎没有统一的“亚洲文化”。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">所有的世界性宗教都诞生于亚洲，如基督教、佛教、伊斯兰教、印度教等。在18世纪工业革命开始之前，由于世界的经济重心在亚洲，所以大部分人类的技术成就都产生于亚洲。早在公元前3000年，亚洲人已经发明了烧制陶器和冶炼矿石，亚洲的苏美尔人首先发明了文字和系统的灌溉工程，中亚的游牧民族发明了马鞍、挽具和车轮，中国人发明了瓷器、马蹬、火药、指南针、造纸术和印刷术，并最早种植稻谷。印度人和阿拉伯人发明了十进位计算技术。亚洲各种地方性的医药技术即使今天也非常有效，还在很多地区使用。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">西方和东方的许多乐器是有同一起源的，所以非常相似，如小提琴和二胡，吉他和琵琶，双簧管和唢呐，几乎相同的东西方笛子。其实这些乐器多数都是起源于中东地区。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">中国、阿拉伯、印度等各亚洲民族的文化对世界文化有着巨大影响。<sup>[5]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[5]_2918" onclick="return false;"> </a>
</div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="8_2" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_8_2" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="宗教" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="8-2" onclick="return false;"></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-3" label-module="para-title">
<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>宗教</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲是道教、佛教、伊斯兰教、基督教和犹太教的发源地。此外还有印度教及锡克教、儒教等亚洲宗教。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>道教</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">道教是发源于古代中国的传统宗教，是一个崇拜诸多神明的多神教原生的宗教形式，主要宗旨是追求得道成仙、救济世人并以老子的《道德经》等为主要经典。不仅在中国传统文化中占有重要地位，而且对现代世界也有着一定影响性。道家虽然从战国时代即为诸子百家之一，但直到汉朝之后才有教团产生，其个别派系为奉老子为道德天尊，把原为道德哲学家神化了。至南北朝时道教宗教形式逐渐完善。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">道教以“道”为最高信仰，认为“道”是化生宇宙万物的本原。在中华传统文化中，道教（包括道家、术士等）被认为是与儒学和佛教一起的一种占据着主导地位的理论学说和寻求有关实践练成神仙的方法。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">道教成仙或成神的主要方法大致可以归纳为五种，服食仙药，外丹等，炼气与导引，内丹修炼，并借由道教科仪与本身法术修为等仪式来功德成仙，常见后来的神仙多为内丹修炼和功德成神者与道术的修练者。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>佛教</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">佛教于公元前6世纪形成于南亚次大陆北部的印度和尼泊尔毗邻处。创立者为古印度乔达摩·悉达多（约公元前566~486年），属释迦族，后被称为释迦牟尼。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>伊斯兰教</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">伊斯兰教起源于亚洲阿拉伯半岛，于公元7世纪由麦加人穆罕默德（公元570~632年）创立，为一神教。麦地那和麦加是伊斯兰教圣地，《古兰经》为最高经典。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>基督教</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">基督教起源于西亚巴勒斯坦的伯利恒。创始人是犹太拿撒勒人耶稣基督（公元元年12月25日？生于伯利恒）。耶路撒冷是基督教的圣地，《圣经》为最高经典。</div><div class="anchor-list">
<a class="lemma-anchor para-title" name="8_3" onclick="return false;"></a>
<a class="lemma-anchor " name="sub2918_8_3" onclick="return false;"></a>
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<a class="lemma-anchor " name="8-3" onclick="return false;"></a>
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<h3 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">亚洲</span>语言</h3>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">亚洲语言分属于蒙语系汉藏语系、南亚语系、阿尔泰语系、马来-波利尼西亚语系、达罗毗荼语系、闪含语系、印欧语系。</div>
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<dl class="lemma-reference collapse nslog-area log-set-param" data-nslog-type="2" log-set-param="ext_reference">
<dt class="reference-title">参考资料</dt>
<dd class="reference-list-wrap">
<ul class="reference-list">
<li class="reference-item " id="reference-[1]-2918-wrap">
<span class="index">1.</span>
  
<span class="text"> 丁海斌.亚洲历史档案资源概述【J】.《兰台世界》 2005年11期 </span>
</li><li class="reference-item " id="reference-[2]-2918-wrap">
<span class="index">2.</span>
  
<span>李问渠 </span><span class="text">．不可不知的2000个地理常识 </span><span>：新世界出版社</span><span>，2008</span></li><li class="reference-item " id="reference-[3]-2918-wrap">
<span class="index">3.</span>
  
新疆有一个世界唯一：亚洲大陆地理中心 
<span class="site">．新华网</span><span>[引用日期2014-06-07]</span></li><li class="reference-item " id="reference-[4]-2918-wrap">
<span class="index">4.</span>
  
上海合作组织成立发展简介
<span class="site">．新浪网</span><span>[引用日期2014-06-07]</span></li><li class="reference-item " id="reference-[5]-2918-wrap">
<span class="index">5.</span>
  
<span class="text"> 毛秀珠.亚洲的民族体育与文化【J】.武汉体育学院学报1990年01期  </span>
</li></ul>
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                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

    // 展现策略
    rightCheck.editView('133681', function(res) {
        if (!res.errno) {
            if (res.data.edit) {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        } else {
            if ('1') {
                $('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
            }
        }
    });
}();
!function(){	require.async(["wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery","wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/albumList/albumList","wiki-common:widget/component/nslog/nslog"],function($,AlbumList,nslog){
		var list=new AlbumList({
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			lemmaTitle:"亚洲",
			lemmaId:"2918",
			subLemmaId:"2918",
			data:{"134460":{"coverpic":"a8014c086e061d952040f45f7bf40ad162d9ca57","desc":"\u4e9a\u6d32\u65c5\u6e38\u98ce\u666f\u76f8\u518c","albumTag":"null","height":768,"width":1024,"total":5,"coverurl":"http:\/\/c.hiphotos.baidu.com\/baike\/s%3D235\/sign=d1d65d33034f78f0840b9df04c300a83\/a8014c086e061d952040f45f7bf40ad162d9ca57.jpg"},"289696":{"coverpic":"ca1349540923dd548cc35a92d109b3de9d82489c","desc":"\u7cbe\u5f69\u56fe\u518c4","albumTag":"null","height":396,"width":600,"total":66,"coverurl":"http:\/\/c.hiphotos.baidu.com\/baike\/s%3D235\/sign=91bb64652edda3cc0fe4bf2334e83905\/ca1349540923dd548cc35a92d109b3de9d82489c.jpg"},"311959":{"coverpic":"91529822720e0cf3ab76bf010a46f21fbf09aa43","desc":"\u7cbe\u5f69\u56fe\u518c1","albumTag":"null","height":399,"width":600,"total":67,"coverurl":"http:\/\/e.hiphotos.baidu.com\/baike\/s%3D235\/sign=fbbd654187d6277fed12353b1d391f63\/91529822720e0cf3ab76bf010a46f21fbf09aa43.jpg"},"349441":{"coverpic":"80cb39dbb6fd5266c3b3c0eeab18972bd50736ab","desc":"\u7cbe\u5f69\u56fe\u518c5","albumTag":"null","height":401,"width":600,"total":67,"coverurl":"http:\/\/d.hiphotos.baidu.com\/baike\/s%3D235\/sign=205f4b41a61ea8d38e227307a20b30cf\/80cb39dbb6fd5266c3b3c0eeab18972bd50736ab.jpg"},"374392":{"coverpic":"9a504fc2d562853525c120db90ef76c6a7ef6323","desc":"\u7cbe\u5f69\u56fe\u518c2","albumTag":"null","height":400,"width":600,"total":67,"coverurl":"http:\/\/a.hiphotos.baidu.com\/baike\/s%3D235\/sign=152571ca3af33a879a6d0719f35d1018\/9a504fc2d562853525c120db90ef76c6a7ef6323.jpg"},"399929":{"coverpic":"7c1ed21b0ef41bd5a3831a0e51da81cb38db3d73","desc":"\u7cbe\u5f69\u56fe\u518c3","albumTag":"null","height":398,"width":600,"total":66,"coverurl":"http:\/\/g.hiphotos.baidu.com\/baike\/s%3D235\/sign=dfb50b756c81800a6ae58e0d843733d6\/7c1ed21b0ef41bd5a3831a0e51da81cb38db3d73.jpg"},"400458":{"coverpic":"024f78f0f736afc387d7f08fb319ebc4b6451205","desc":"\u4e9a\u6d32\u666f\u533a\u56fe\u518c","albumTag":"null","height":539,"width":950,"total":61,"coverurl":"http:\/\/g.hiphotos.baidu.com\/baike\/s%3D235\/sign=3d1b06d99245d688a702b5a791c07dab\/024f78f0f736afc387d7f08fb319ebc4b6451205.jpg"},"531482":{"coverpic":"0df3d7ca7bcb0a46897576c36b63f6246a60aff1","desc":"\u7cbe\u5f69\u56fe\u518c4","albumTag":"null","height":397,"width":600,"total":67,"coverurl":"http:\/\/d.hiphotos.baidu.com\/baike\/s%3D235\/sign=5c1556e5070828386c0ddb178d98a964\/0df3d7ca7bcb0a46897576c36b63f6246a60aff1.jpg"},"550278":{"coverpic":"ca1349540923dd54b0782e92d109b3de9d8248c5","desc":"\u7cbe\u5f69\u56fe\u518c1","albumTag":"null","height":600,"width":398,"total":67,"coverurl":"http:\/\/g.hiphotos.baidu.com\/baike\/s%3D235\/sign=ad0010652edda3cc0fe4bf2334e83905\/ca1349540923dd54b0782e92d109b3de9d8248c5.jpg"},"700848":{"coverpic":"f7246b600c3387446871dd86510fd9f9d62aa090","desc":"\u7cbe\u5f69\u56fe\u518c3","albumTag":"null","height":400,"width":600,"total":67,"coverurl":"http:\/\/d.hiphotos.baidu.com\/baike\/s%3D235\/sign=2a888bc26e061d957946303b4ef50a5d\/f7246b600c3387446871dd86510fd9f9d62aa090.jpg"},"706982":{"coverpic":"bd3eb13533fa828b251b8500fd1f4134970a5a1c","desc":"\u4e9a\u6d32\u6751\u666f\u70b9\u56fe\u7247","albumTag":"null","height":333,"width":500,"total":2,"coverurl":"http:\/\/d.hiphotos.baidu.com\/baike\/s%3D235\/sign=3a3db6834fc2d562f608d7eed21090f3\/bd3eb13533fa828b251b8500fd1f4134970a5a1c.jpg"},"766973":{"coverpic":"503d269759ee3d6d38a5753143166d224e4adeed","desc":"\u7cbe\u5f69\u56fe\u518c2","albumTag":"null","height":600,"width":400,"total":66,"coverurl":"http:\/\/f.hiphotos.baidu.com\/baike\/s%3D235\/sign=c429fed8b31bb0518b24b42b037bda77\/503d269759ee3d6d38a5753143166d224e4adeed.jpg"},"780923":{"coverpic":"e61190ef76c6a7ef0dd554dcfdfaaf51f2de665d","desc":"\u7cbe\u5f69\u56fe\u518c5","albumTag":"null","height":400,"width":600,"total":66,"coverurl":"http:\/\/d.hiphotos.baidu.com\/baike\/s%3D235\/sign=f6e40f961038534388cf8022a611b01f\/e61190ef76c6a7ef0dd554dcfdfaaf51f2de665d.jpg"},"790134":{"coverpic":"0ff41bd5ad6eddc441ae460139dbb6fd536633fa","desc":"\u7cbe\u5f69\u56fe\u518c3","albumTag":"null","height":400,"width":600,"total":67,"coverurl":"http:\/\/a.hiphotos.baidu.com\/baike\/s%3D235\/sign=7cf547c019d8bc3ec20801c9b78aa6c8\/0ff41bd5ad6eddc441ae460139dbb6fd536633fa.jpg"},"813237":{"coverpic":"359b033b5bb5c9ea3fc71b00d539b6003af3b318","desc":"\u4e9a\u6d32\u5927\u9646\u6700\u5357\u7aef\u666f\u70b9\u56fe\u7247","albumTag":"null","height":333,"width":500,"total":2,"coverurl":"http:\/\/c.hiphotos.baidu.com\/baike\/s%3D235\/sign=a01a4ef462d0f703e2b292df3dfb5148\/359b033b5bb5c9ea3fc71b00d539b6003af3b318.jpg"},"888323":{"coverpic":"a5c27d1ed21b0ef4179165a4ddc451da80cb3eca","desc":"\u7cbe\u5f69\u56fe\u518c4","albumTag":"null","height":600,"width":398,"total":67,"coverurl":"http:\/\/e.hiphotos.baidu.com\/baike\/s%3D235\/sign=90c61992ccbf6c81f3372beb893fb1d7\/a5c27d1ed21b0ef4179165a4ddc451da80cb3eca.jpg"},"889822":{"coverpic":"9825bc315c6034a831daa062cb1349540923761c","desc":"\u4e9a\u6d32\u6587\u660e\u535a\u7269\u9986\u666f\u70b9\u56fe\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		});
		!!window.ScriptLazyLoad && window.ScriptLazyLoad.regist({
			dom:$('.album-list'),
			loadFunc:function(){
				list.load();
				nslog(1258);
			},
			distance:500
		});
	});
}();
!function(){    require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/tashuo/tashuo"],function(init){
        init();
    });
}();
!function(){        require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/lemmaRelation/lemmaInsert'], function(init) {
            init({ // 关系化统计需求--传参  shangwenbin
                lemmaId: "2918",
                newLemmaId: "133681",
                subLemmaId: "2918",
                lemmaTitle: "亚洲"
            });
        });
    }();
!function(){		require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/lemmaReference/lemmaReference","wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/lemmaReference/lemmaReferenceTip/lemmaReferenceTip"],function(Reference,ReferenceTip){
			new Reference({
				subLemmaId:"2918"
			});
			new ReferenceTip({
				subLemmaId:"2918"
			});
		});
	}();
!function(){        require.async(["wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery"],function($){
            function openTagToggle(node) {
                if ($(node).hasClass("collapse")) {
                    $(node).removeClass("collapse");
                    $("#open-tag").css("height", '22px');
                } else {
                    $(node).addClass("collapse");
                    $("#open-tag").css("height", $("#open-tag-item").css("height"));
                }
            }
            if (parseInt($("#open-tag-item").css("height")) <= 30) {
                $('#open-tag-collapse').hide();
            }
            $("#open-tag-collapse").on("click", function () {
                openTagToggle($("#open-tag")[0]);
            });
        });
    }();
!function(){    require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/rightTashuo/rightTashuo"],function(init){
        init({
            lemmaId: 133681,
            lemmaTitle: '亚洲'
        });
    });
}();
!function(){        require('wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/configModule/zhixin/zhixin')(
            133681,
            '亚洲'
        );
    }();
!function(){require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/configModule/zhidaodiversion/zhidaodiversion'],function(app){
    app.run('133681','亚洲');
});
}();
!function(){    require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/lemmaStatistics/lemmaStatistics"],function(init){
        init({
            newLemmaIdEnc:"5d5bb1f898b1f3495d7b212f"
        });
    });
}();
!function(){    var userCard = require('wiki-common:widget/component/userCard/userCard');
    userCard({
        host: '#pro-contributors .show-userCard',
        left: -26
    });    
}();
!function(){	require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/sideCatalog/sideCatalog"],function(SideCatalog){
		new SideCatalog();
	});
}();
!function(){        require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/fengchao/fengchao","wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/unionAd/unionAd"], function (init, unionAd) {
            init({
                newLemmaId: "133681",
                lemmaTitle: "亚洲",
                encodeLemmaTitle: "%D1%C7%D6%DE",
                adManager: {"wapRelatedBusiness":1}
            }, {
                errFn: unionAd,
                dom: $('#side_box_unionAd')
            });
        });
    }();
!function(){        require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/guessLike/guessLike'], function (app) {
            app.init({
                lemmaTitle: '亚洲',
                adManager: {"wapRelatedBusiness":1}
            });
        });
    }();
!function(){            require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/bottomAd/bottomAd'], function (init) {
                init({
                    sId: 'BOTTOM_PRO_AD',
                    adManager: {"wapRelatedBusiness":1}
                });
            });
        }();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var Dialog = require("wiki-common:widget/ui/dialog/dialog");
    var userLogin = require('wiki-common:widget/component/userLogin/userLogin');
    var unameFiller = require('wiki-common:widget/component/unameFiller/unameFiller');
    var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');

            var isEnterprise = false;
        var enterpriseOwnerUserId = 0;
    
    var userId = 0;
    var editUrl = '/edit/' + encodeURIComponent('亚洲') + '/' + '133681';
    var pgcUrl = '/enterprise/editpgc?lemmaId=133681';

    userLogin.regist({
        onLogin: function(user) {
            userId = user ? user.uid : 0;
        }
    });

    function gotoEdit(url, isMidNight) {
        if (isMidNight) {
            Dialog.alert({
                title: '编辑提示',
                subMsg: '晚23:00至次日8:00，因审核系统例行维护，您提交的版本可能需要较长时间才能通过，望您谅解。',
                onConfirm: function() {
                    window.location.href = url;
                }
            });
        } else {
            window.location.href = url;
        }    
    }

    function showChoseEditDialog(pgcCallback, ugcCallback) {
        new Dialog({
            title: '编辑提示',
            subMsg: '<p>您已开通企业百科服务，推荐您直接编辑“官方资料”，官方资料仅限企业百科绑定的百科账号修改，其他用户账号不可修改。</p><p>如果您想修改其他网友编辑的普通词条内容，请注意遵守百科百科编辑规则。<p>',
            btns: [{
            key: 'pgc',
            text: '编辑官方资料'
            }, {
            style: 'white',
            text: '修改普通词条',
            key: 'ugc'
            }],
            onBtnClick: function(btnKey){
                if (btnKey === 'pgc') {
                    pgcCallback && pgcCallback();
                } else if (btnKey === 'ugc') {
                    ugcCallback && ugcCallback();
                }
            }
        }).show();
    }

    function checkUserLegal(res) {
        var legal = false;
        switch (res.errno) {
            case 100001:
                userLogin.showLoginPop();
                break;
            case 100006:
                unameFiller.show();
                break;
            default:
                legal = true;
        }
        return true;
    }

    function checkUgc(res, url) {
        if (res.errno) {
            switch (res.errno) {
                case 100005:
                    alert('对不起，您目前被封禁');
                    break;
                case 110001:
                    alert('对不起，该词条被锁定');
                    break;
                case 110007:
                    alert('对不起，消歧页无法编辑');
                    break;
                case 110005:
                    Dialog.alert({
                    title: '编辑提示',
                    mainMsg: '对不起，您暂时没有权限编辑该词条。',
                    subMsg: '<p>您好，该词条内容已较丰富，现仅对百科等级达到<b>四级</b>且通过率达到<b>85%</b>的科友开放编辑。</p><p>当您通过努力达到以上要求，就可以参与编辑该词条了。</p><p><img src="https://bkssl.bdimg.com/img/baike/usercenter/growuptask/star.gif" class="star" />参加<a target="_blank" href="/usercenter#guide">成长任务</a>，更快掌握百科编辑技巧，加速升级！</p>'
                    });
                    break;
                case 110008:
                    Dialog.alert({
                    title: '编辑提示',
                    mainMsg: '对不起，您暂时没有权限编辑该词条。',
                    subMsg: '<p>您好，该词条内容已较丰富，现仅对百科等级达到<b>六级</b>且通过率达到<b>85%</b>的科友开放编辑。</p><p>当您通过努力达到以上要求，就可以参与编辑该词条了。</p><p><img src="https://bkssl.bdimg.com/img/baike/usercenter/growuptask/star.gif" class="star" />参加<a target="_blank" href="/usercenter#guide">成长任务</a>，更快掌握百科编辑技巧，加速升级！</p>'
                    });
                    break;
                case 470001:
                    alert('系统错误，请刷新重试');
                    break;
            }
        } else {
            if (!res.data.right.noAudit) {
                Dialog.alert({
                    title: '编辑提示',
                    subMsg: '很抱歉，该词条有其他用户编辑的版本正在提交，您暂时无法编辑。<br/>百科建议您晚些时候再编辑该词条，或者尝试编辑其他的词条。'
                });
                return;
            }
            gotoEdit(url, res.data.notice.isMidNight);
        }
    }

    $(document.body).on('click', '.j-edit-link', function() {
        var dl = $(this).attr('data-edit-dl');
        if (dl) {
            var url = editUrl + '?dl=' + dl;
        } else {
            var url = editUrl;
        }

        rightCheck.preeditCheck('133681', '亚洲', '亚洲', '121308544', '', function(res) {
            if (!checkUserLegal(res)) {
                return;
            }
            if (isEnterprise && enterpriseOwnerUserId === userId) {
                showChoseEditDialog(function() {
                    location.href = pgcUrl;
                }, function() {
                    checkUgc(res, url);
                });
            } else {
                checkUgc(res, url);
            }
        });
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery'),
      initSearchbar = require('wiki-common:widget/component/searchbar-n/searchbar');  
    initSearchbar($('.wgt-searchbar-simple'));
  }();
!function(){    require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/tools/searchHeader/toolButtons-n/toolButtons"],function(init){
        init({
            lemmaId:"2918",
            subLemmaId:"2918",
            newLemmaId:"133681"
        });
    });
}();
!function(){    require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/searchHeader/toolButtons-n/userInfo')();
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery'),
      animation = require('wiki-common:widget/util/animation'),
      nslog = require('wiki-common:widget/component/nslog/nslog'),
      initSearchbar = require('wiki-common:widget/component/searchbar/searchbar');

    var isFadeIn = false,
        isFadeOut = false;

    var fadeInAni, fadeOutAni;

    $(window).on('scroll', function(e) {
        var scrollTop = $(this).scrollTop();

        if (scrollTop > 200 && !isFadeIn && $('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('display') == 'none') {
            fadeOutAni && fadeOutAni.stop();
            fadeInAni = animation({
                duration: 200,
                easing: 'linear',
                onStart: function() {
                    isFadeOut = false;
                    isFadeIn = true;
                    $('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('display', 'block');
                },
                onStep: function(progress) {
                    $('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('opacity', progress)
                },
                onComplete: function(progress) {
                    isFadeIn = false;
                    nslog(10010007);
                }
            });
        } else if (scrollTop <= 200 && !isFadeOut && $('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('display') == 'block') {
            fadeInAni && fadeInAni.stop();
            fadeOutAni = animation({
                duration: 300,
                easing: 'linear',
                onStart: function() {
                    $('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader #suggestion').hide();
                    isFadeIn = false;
                    isFadeOut = true;
                },
                onStep: function(progress) {
                    $('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('opacity', 1 - progress);
                },
                onComplete: function(progress) {
                    isFadeOut = false;
                    $('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('display', 'none');
                }
            });
        }
    });
}();
!function(){    require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/newSideShare/qzopensl');
    require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/tools/newSideShare/taskSideShare"],function(taskShare){
        taskShare.init({
            title: '亚洲',
            desc: "\u4e9a\u6d32\uff08\u5b57\u6e90\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\uff1a\u0391\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\uff1b\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\uff1aAsia\uff09\uff0c\u66fe\u8bd1\u4f5c\u201c\u4e9a\u7ec6\u4e9a\u6d32\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4e9a\u897f\u4e9a\u6d32\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u4e03\u5927\u6d32\u4e2d\u9762\u79ef\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u4eba\u53e3\u6700\u591a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d32\u3002\u5176\u8986\u76d6\u5730\u7403\u603b\u9762\u79ef\u76848.7%\uff08\u6216\u8a00\u603b\u9646\u5730\u9762\u79ef\u768429.4%\uff09\u3002\u4eba\u53e3\u603b\u6570\u7ea6\u4e3a40\u4ebf\uff0c\u5360\u4e16\u754c\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u7ea660.5%\uff082010\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u4e9a\u6d32\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5317\u534a\u7403\u548c\u4e1c\u534a\u7403\u3002\u4e9a\u6d32\u4e0e\u975e\u6d32\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\u4e3a\u82cf",
            pic: 'http:\/\/d.hiphotos.baidu.com\/baike\/w%3D268\/sign=06f990b4ad86c9170803553ff13c70c6\/b7fd5266d0160924382bd657de0735fae6cd346b.jpg',
            url: '',
            qqPic: 'https:\/\/gss3.bdstatic.com\/-Po3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/whfpf%3D536%2C536%2C50\/sign=9bc910412c9759ee4a05338bd4c67625\/b7fd5266d0160924382bd657de0735fae6cd346b.jpg',
            newLemmaId: '133681',
            lemmaTitle: '亚洲'
        });
    });
}();
!function(){    var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
    var nslog = require("wiki-common:widget/component/nslog/nslog");
    var testElem = require('wiki-common:widget/component/testElem/testElem');
    var cmsModuleLoader = require('wiki-common:widget/component/cmsModuleLoader/cmsModuleLoader');

    function requireAsync() {
        require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/tools/announcement/announcement']);
    }

    cmsModuleLoader('/api/wikiui/getlemmaconfig', [{
        name: 'announcement',
        script: 'wiki-lemma:widget/tools/announcement/announcement.js'
    }]);

    require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/tools/lazyLoad/lazyLoad"], function(LazyLoad) {
        new LazyLoad();
    });

    require.async(['wiki-common:widget/component/nslog/nslog','wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery'], function(nslog, $) {
        nslog().setGlobal({
            lemmaId: "2918",
            newLemmaId: "133681",
            subLemmaId: "2918",
            lemmaTitle: "亚洲"
        });

        // 词条页 pv
        nslog(9322);

        // 新版头部pv（小流量）
        if ($('.pc-header-new').length > 0) {
            nslog(9069);
        }

        // 链接点击 pv
        var lemmaPageRegExp = new RegExp(/\/subview\/\d+|\/view\/\d+|\/item\//i);
        $('body').on('mousedown', 'a', function() {
            var href = $(this).attr('href');
            if (href && href.indexOf('/') >= 0 && href.indexOf('#') !== 0) {
                // 链接点击 pv
                nslog(10000001);
                if (lemmaPageRegExp.test(href)) {
                    // 词条页链接点击 pv
                    nslog(10000002, window.location.href, {
                        targetTitle: $(this).text()
                    });
                }
            }
        });

        /****** 词条页站内流转需求统计 start ******/
        (function () {
            // 各种统计配置
            var circulationLinkCfg = {
                innerLink: [ // 内链
                    '.para',
                    '.lemmaWgt-baseInfo-simple-largeMovie',
                    '.lemmaWgt-baseInfo-simple-largeStar',
                    '.basic-info .basicInfo-block',
                    '.lemma-summary',
                    '.lemmaWgt-lemmaSummary',
                    '.view-tip-panel',
                    '.horizontal-module',
                    '.lemmaWgt-roleIntroduction',
                    '.dramaSeries .dramaSerialList',
                    '.module-music',
                    '.table-view',
                    '[log-set-param="table_view"]',
                    '.list-module',
                    '.cell-module',
                    '.baseBox .dl-baseinfo', // 配置后台字段
                    '.pvBtn-box .leadPVBtnWrapper',
                    '.drama-actor',
                    '#staffList',
                    '.starMovieAndTvplay',
                    '.main_tab:not(.main_tab-defaultTab)' // 除去词条tab外的tab
                ],
                relationTable: '.rs-container-foot', // 关系表
                peopleRelation: '.star-info-block.relations, .lemmaWgt-focusAndRelation', // 人物关系（明星+普通）
                moduleActors: '.featureBaseInfo .actors, .lemmaWgt-majorActors', // 主要演员、嘉宾、主持人
                moduleWorks: '.featureBaseInfo .works, .large-feature .works', // 代表作品
                moduleQuarterly: '.featureBaseInfo .po_quarterly, .mian_quarterly', // 分季介绍
                rankStar: '.rank-list.stars-rank', // 明星榜
                rankDrama: '.drama-rank-list', // 电视剧榜
                specialTopic: '.special-topic', // 专题模块
                modDetailTable: '#modDetailTable', // 关系表出图
                chuizhitu: '.chuizhitu', // 垂直化模块
                polysemantList: '.polysemantList-wrapper' // 义项切换
            };
            /****** 连接统计 ******/
            function clickNslogFn() {
                for (var k in circulationLinkCfg) {
                    if (k === 'innerLink') {
                        // 词条内链到词条页
                        var tempArr = circulationLinkCfg[k];
                        for (var i = 0, l = tempArr.length; i < l; i++) {
                            tempArr[i] += ' a';
                        }
                        var sSelector = tempArr.join(', ');

                        $('body').on('mousedown', sSelector, {key: k},function(e) {
                            var key = e.data.key;
                            var href = $(this).attr('href');
                            var tar = $(this).attr('target') || '';
                            if (href && href.indexOf('/') >= 0 && href.indexOf('#') !== 0
                            && tar === '_blank' && lemmaPageRegExp.test(href)) {
                                // 词条页普通内链点击 pv
                                nslog(10000004, null ,{division: key});
                            }
                        });
                    } else {
                        // 模块到词条页链接
                        $(circulationLinkCfg[k]).on('mousedown', 'a', {key: k}, function (e) {
                            var key = e.data.key;
                            var href = $(this).attr('href');
                            if (href && href.indexOf('#') !== 0 && lemmaPageRegExp.test(href)) {
                                // 词条页配置模块链接点击 pv
                                nslog(10000004, null, {division: key});
                            }
                        });
                    }
                }
            }
            // 发起统计请求
            clickNslogFn();

            /****** 各模块展现量pv ******/
            function checkModuleIsShow() {
                var result = [];
                for (var k in circulationLinkCfg) {
                    if (k !== 'innerLink' && k !== 'relationTable') {
                        !!$(circulationLinkCfg[k]).html() && result.push(k);
                    }
                }
                if (result.length > 0) {
                    nslog(10000005, null, {showModules: result.join(',')});
                }
            }
            checkModuleIsShow();

        })();
        /****** 词条页站内流转需求统计 end ******/

    });

    // 广告接入 wikiad 统一加载
    // log 词条页广告被拦截情况（此处 log 请求行为）
    nslog(70000101, window.location.href, {
        api: 'lemma-ad',
        action: 'request'
    });
    var tags = [{"tagId":0,"tagName":"\u56fd\u5bb6"}];
    var tagsArray = [];
    for (var key in tags) {
        tagsArray.push(tags[key].tagName);
    }
    $.ajax({
        type: 'GET',
        url: '/api/wikiad/getsquirrels',
        data: {
            lemmaId: 133681,
            tags: tagsArray.join()
        },
        cache: false,
        dataType: 'JSON',
        success: function (res) {
            // log 词条页广告被拦截情况（此处 log 请求成功）
            nslog(70000101, window.location.href, {
                api: 'lemma-ad',
                action: 'success'
            });

            if (!res.errno) {
                if (res.data[5]) {
                    require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/rightPreciseAd/rightPreciseAd'], function(rightPreciseAd) {
                        rightPreciseAd(res.data[5]);
                        nslog(10002201, location.href, {
                            adId: res.data[5][0].adId,
                            adTitle: res.data[5][0].name,
                            adPos: 5
                        });
                    });
                } else if (res.data[1]) {
                                        require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/vbaike/vbaike'], function(vbaike) {
                        vbaike(res.data[1]);
                        for(var i in res.data[1]) {
                            nslog(10002201, location.href, {
                                adId: res.data[1][i].adId,
                                adTitle: res.data[1][i].name,
                                adPos: 1
                            });
                        }
                    });
                                    }
                if (res.data[9]) {
                                        require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/rightBigAd/rightBigAd'], function(rightBigAd) {
                        rightBigAd(res.data[9]);
                            nslog(10002201, location.href, {
                                adId: res.data[9][0].adId,
                                adTitle: res.data[9][0].name,
                                adPos: 9
                            });
                    });
                                    } else if(res.data[2]) {
                    require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/slide/slide'], function(slide) {
                        slide(res.data[2]);
                        for(var i in res.data[2]) {
                            nslog(10002201, location.href, {
                                adId: res.data[2][i].adId,
                                adTitle: res.data[2][i].name,
                                adPos: 2
                            });
                        }
                    });
                }
                if (res.data[3]) {
                                        require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/topAd/topAd'], function(topAd) {
                        topAd(res.data[3]);
                        nslog(10002201, location.href, {
                            adId: res.data[3][0].adId,
                            adTitle: res.data[3][0].name,
                            adPos: 3
                        });
                    });
                                    }
                if (res.data[4]) {
                                        require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/rightAd/rightAd'], function(rightAd) {
                        rightAd(res.data[4]);
                        nslog(10002201, location.href, {
                            adId: res.data[4][0].adId,
                            adTitle: res.data[4][0].name,
                            adPos: 4
                        });
                    });
                                    }
                if (res.data[15]) {
                    require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/banner/banner'], function(banner) {
                        banner(res.data[15]);
                        nslog(10002201, location.href, {
                            adId: res.data[15][0].adId,
                            adTitle: res.data[15][0].name,
                            adPos: 15
                        });
                    });
                }
                if (res.data[16]) {
                    require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/declaration/declaration'], function(declaration) {
                        declaration(res.data[16]);
                        nslog(10002201, location.href, {
                            adId: res.data[16][0].adId,
                            adTitle: res.data[16][0].name,
                            adPos: 16
                        });
                    })
                }
            } else {
                return;
            }

            setTimeout(function () {
                var elemArr = {};
                res.data[1] && res.data[1].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-vbaike-ad'] = $('.lemmaWgt-promotion-vbaike .promotion_viewport a:eq(0) img').get(0));
                res.data[2] && res.data[2].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-slide-ad'] = $('.lemmaWgt-promotion-slide .promotion_viewport a:eq(0) img').get(0));
                res.data[3] && res.data[3].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-navbar-ad'] = {
                    node: $('.header [nslog-type="10002202"]').get(0),
                    validations: {
                        'noBackgroundImage': function() {
                            return $('.header [nslog-type="10002202"]').css('background-image').indexOf(res.data[3][0].picUrl) < 0
                        }
                    }
                });
                res.data[4] && res.data[4].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-side-ad'] = {
                    node: $('.right-ad img').get(0),
                    validations: {
                        'noBackgroundImage': function() {
                            return $('.right-ad img').attr('src').indexOf(res.data[4][0].picUrl) < 0
                        }
                    }
                });
                res.data[15] && res.data[15].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-configModule-banner'] = $('.configModuleBanner').get(0));
                res.data[16] && res.data[16].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-configModule-declaration'] = $('.lemmaWgt-declaration').get(0));

                testElem.log(elemArr, 70000102);
            }, 1000);
        },
        error: function () {
            // log 词条页广告被拦截情况（此处 log 请求失败）
            nslog(70000101, window.location.href, {
                api: 'lemma-ad',
                action: 'error'
            });
        }
    });

    // 设置分享内容
    window.BKShare.setCommon({
        bdText: "\u3010\u4e9a\u6d32_\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1\u3011\u4e9a\u6d32\uff08\u5b57\u6e90\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\uff1a\u0391\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\uff1b\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\uff1aAsia\uff09\uff0c\u66fe\u8bd1\u4f5c\u201c\u4e9a\u7ec6\u4e9a\u6d32\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4e9a\u897f\u4e9a\u6d32\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u4e03\u5927\u6d32\u4e2d\u9762\u79ef\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u4eba\u53e3\u6700\u591a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d32\u3002\u5176\u8986\u76d6\u5730\u7403\u603b\u9762\u79ef\u76848.7%\uff08\u6216\u8a00\u603b\u9646\u5730\u9762\u79ef\u768429.4%\uff09\u3002\u4eba\u53e3\u603b\u6570\u7ea6\u4e3a40\u4ebf\uff0c\u5360\u4e16\u754c\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u7ea660.5%\uff082010\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u4e9a\u6d32\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5317\u534a\u7403\u548c\u4e1c\u534a\u7403\u3002\u4e9a\u6d32\u4e0e\u975e\u6d32\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf\u4e3a\u82cf.....\uff08\u5206\u4eab\u81ea@\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1\uff09",
        bdDesc: '',
        bdUrl: 'http:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2\/133681',
        bdPic: '',
        onBeforeClick: function (){
            $('.bdshare_dialog_box').hide();
        }
    });

    // 底部投诉带入当前页面 url
    var map = [1, 2, 6, 5];
    $('.wgt-footer-main .suggestion').find('a').each(function(i) {
        $(this).attr('href', 'http://help.baidu.com/newadd?word=%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2' + '&&submit_link=' + encodeURIComponent(window.location.href) + '&prod_id=10&category=' + map[i]);
    });

    // 为超出预设内容的表格添加table-responsive控制
    $('.main-content').find('table').each(function(index) {
        var $that = $(this);
        if ($that.width() > 790) {
            $that.wrap('<div class="table-responsive"></div>');
        }
    });
}();
!function(){      require('wiki-common:widget/component/psLink/psLink');
    }();</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
  var Hunter = window.Hunter || {};
  Hunter.userConfig = Hunter.userConfig || [];
  </script>
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  alog('speed.set', 'drt', +new Date);

  void function(a,b,c,d,e,f){function g(b){a.attachEvent?a.attachEvent("onload",b,!1):a.addEventListener&&a.addEventListener("load",b)}function h(a,c,d){d=d||15;var e=new Date;e.setTime((new Date).getTime()+1e3*d),b.cookie=a+"="+escape(c)+";path=/;expires="+e.toGMTString()}function i(a){var c=b.cookie.match(new RegExp("(^| )"+a+"=([^;]*)(;|$)"));return null!=c?unescape(c[2]):null}function j(){var a=i("PMS_JT");if(a){h("PMS_JT","",-1);try{a=a.match(/{["']s["']:(\d+),["']r["']:["']([\s\S]+)["']}/),a=a&&a[1]&&a[2]?{s:parseInt(a[1]),r:a[2]}:{}}catch(c){a={}}a.r&&b.referrer.replace(/#.*/,"")!=a.r||alog("speed.set","wt",a.s)}}if(a.alogObjectConfig){var k=a.alogObjectConfig.sample,l=a.alogObjectConfig.rand;d="https:"===a.location.protocol?"https://fex.bdstatic.com"+d:"http://fex.bdstatic.com"+d,k&&l&&l>k||(g(function(){alog("speed.set","lt",+new Date),e=b.createElement(c),e.async=!0,e.src=d+"?v="+~(new Date/864e5)+~(new Date/864e5),f=b.getElementsByTagName(c)[0],f.parentNode.insertBefore(e,f)}),j())}}(window,document,"script","/hunter/alog/dp.min.js");
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